精选难词
- seamlessly
- smoothly, without noticing a break; 无缝地、自然地
- premonition
- a feeling that something is about to happen; 预感
- effortlessly
- without trying hard; 毫不费力地
- implausible
- not likely to be true; 不可信的、不太可能的
- effortful
- needing hard work; 费力的
精选长难句
1. 关于自动反应的那句
You did not intend to assess her mood or to anticipate what she might do, and your reaction to the picture did not have the feel of something you did.
结构拆解：这是一个并列句，由 and 连接。前半句是 You did not intend to assess... or to anticipate...；what she might do 是 anticipate 的宾语从句。后半句 your reaction... did not have the feel of something you did 里，you did 是省略 that 的定语从句，修饰 something。
中文翻译：你并没有刻意去判断她的情绪，也没有预料她接下来会做什么，而且你对这张图的反应，并不像是你自己主动做的一件事。
理解关键：这件事不是你“做的”，而是“发生”在你身上的。这就是 System 1 的特点。
2. 关于乘法过程的描述
You felt the burden of holding much material in memory, as you needed to keep track of where you were and of where you were going, while holding on to the intermediate result.
结构拆解：主句是 You felt the burden of holding much material in memory。as 引导原因状语从句，说明为什么会觉得费力；keep track of 后面有两个并列结构：where you were 和 where you were going。
中文翻译：你感觉到一种负担，要在记忆里记住很多东西，因为你需要一边记住自己算到哪里了、下一步要算什么，一边还要记住中间结果。
理解关键：这是对 System 2 的“费力感”最形象的描述。
3. 关于 System 2 自我认知的那句
When we think of ourselves, we identify with System 2, the conscious, reasoning self that has beliefs, makes choices, and decides what to think about and what to do.
结构拆解：主句是 we identify with System 2。the conscious, reasoning self 是 System 2 的同位语；that has beliefs, makes choices, and decides... 是定语从句，修饰 self。
中文翻译：当我们思考自己是谁的时候，我们会把自己等同于 System 2，那个有意识、有理性的自我：它有自己的信念，会做选择，并且决定要想什么、要做什么。
理解关键：这是作者要打破的幻觉：我们以为自己就是 System 2，但其实 System 1 才是主角。
4. 关于注意力的分配
Orienting to a loud sound is normally an involuntary operation of System 1, which immediately mobilizes the voluntary attention of System 2.
结构拆解：主语是 Orienting to a loud sound；is... an involuntary operation of System 1 是系表结构；which 引导非限制性定语从句，说明这个自动反应会立刻调动 System 2 的主动注意力。
中文翻译：听到巨大声响时把头转过去，通常是 System 1 的一个不由自主的操作，而这个操作会立刻调动起 System 2 的主动注意力。
理解关键：System 1 可以指挥 System 2，而不是反过来。两者不是简单竞争，也会协作。